AUTHOR: Julia TITLE: Recycling the 4th DATE: 7/13/2009 04:31:00 AM ----- BODY:
When organizing a party, the general rule of thumb is that 60% of the guests will accept the invitation. Somewhere in planning a 4th of July pot-luck in the garden, I messed up the numbers, as I ended up with 15 guests.

Granted, I was thrilled that so many wonderful people could join me, I just don't have the accouterments for that many guests, and had to resort to disposable plates, cups and flatware. During a last-minute run to Target, I was thrilled to discover biodegradable plates made from recycled paper. I didn't feel as guilty about creating all that trash knowing that some of it would end up in the compost bin.
I billed the dinner as "pot-luck." But as I evaluated the guest list -- considering who would bring food vs. beverages vs. nothing at all, I decided it was best if I just cooked enough to cover all the bases. As my friend Paul teased, I could have feed all the guests just on the hors d'ouevres, never mind the assortment of salads, as well as burgers and fixin's.

Needless to say, I had leftovers. From the burger bar, I had leftover patties, tomatoes and onions. From the crudite, I had celery and carrots. Do you see where I'm going with this? With a sprig of basil from the garden and a grating of fresh parmesan, the leftovers hardly felt recycled.

Here's my original recipe with modifications for cooking with leftovers.

Pasta Bolognese

¼ cup olive oil
1 ½ cups diced yellow onions (or red onions)
½ cup diced carrot
½ cup diced celery
2 tsp. salt
1 tsp. black pepper
2 lb. ground beef (or leftover grilled hamburger patties)
2 cups tomato sauce/puree (I pureed raw tomatoes which were quite watery, negating the need for extra broth)
1 ¾ cups beef stock (no need if using fresh tomatoes that are watery)
1 cup dry white wine (surprise, surprise, I had left over of this too)


1. Heat olive oil over medium heat in a large sauce pan. Add onions, stirring occasionally, until wilted and lightly browned. Add carrots, celery, salt and pepper and continue to cook for 5 minutes

2. Season meat with salt and pepper. Add to pan, breaking up meat with back of a spoon. Continue cooking until meat is cooked through, about 5 minutes.

3. Add tomato sauce, wine and stock. Simmer for a very long time.

4. Adjust seasoning with salt and pepper. Serve with pasta, or use for your favorite lasagna recipe

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----- COMMENT: AUTHOR:Anonymous Lydia (The Perfect Pantry) DATE:7/13/2009 08:06:00 AM Great way to use up leftover hamburgers. I often grill the leftovers and crumble them into a ziploc bag. The bag goes in the freezer, and when it's time to make a soup or stew, or a filling for quesadillas, I just pull out my baggie and I'm ready to go. (And, by the way, I can't ever imagine a guest in your home going hungry!) ----- COMMENT: AUTHOR:Blogger T.W. Barritt at Culinary Types DATE:7/13/2009 08:53:00 AM I love culinary recycling tips - great work! (And, I'm still working through variations of the beef tenderloin from the 4th of July!) ----- COMMENT: AUTHOR:Anonymous noble pig DATE:7/13/2009 11:14:00 AM That was a great idea. I'm not sure my head would have gone there! I will remember it now. ----- COMMENT: AUTHOR:Blogger Karine DATE:7/14/2009 12:18:00 AM Pasta are always good to clean up the fridge.. Your recipe lloks yummy! ----- COMMENT: AUTHOR:Anonymous Kristen DATE:7/14/2009 05:22:00 PM I always struggle with what to do with leftover food. Great ideas here! ----- COMMENT: AUTHOR:Blogger Julia DATE:7/15/2009 07:33:00 AM Lydia -- that's a great idea too! Though, this is the first time I've had leftover burgers... :)

T.W. How many different ways have you cooked it?

noble pig -- I'm sure you would have come up with something delicious, too.

Karine -- so true. It's like the sponge for leftovers.

Kristen - definitely requires a little flexibility. ----- -------- AUTHOR: Julia TITLE: Garden Updates - Last Day of Winter DATE: 3/20/2009 04:11:00 AM ----- BODY:
Spring officially starts tomorrow, and I will begin sowing seeds outside for my lettuces, peas and other spring delights. My portable greenhouse will protect my seedlings from a late season snow....... which sadly can happen into mid-April.

After a quick peek in the garden this morning, I discovered winter-tolerant Brussels sprouts. The stalks remained sturdy and in-tact through this brutal winter, though the leaves wilted. The outer leaves have a purple hue, the same shade that tomatillos develop when they are left on the vine to ripen and sweeten. Could these, too, be extra sweet? I only have enough for a small meal, so I'll want to maximize their preparation.

Under a pile of dead leaves and old mulch, tarragon and mint show signs of life. Mint has a reputation for being a hardy perennial, so while I'm happy to see it come back, I'm not surprised. With tarragon, on the other hand, I've been less successful, so I'm especially relieved to see it come back. The parsley nub has a few green leaves, so I'm wondering if that, too, will come back. I had thought it was an annual, but maybe not.

Less exciting is the state of my compost bin. At the end of the season last fall, I shoved most of my garden clipping into the bin. I had hoped that 6 months of the passive method (i.e. not turning the compost pile) would be enough. But, alas, I will need to work it rather vigorously over the next few months if I want to use my own compost to amend the soil of my summer garden.

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----- COMMENT: AUTHOR:Blogger Chiot's Run DATE:3/20/2009 08:12:00 AM That's fantastic. What kind of sprouts are they? I'm always looking for stuff to try & grow during the winter. My spinach did fantastic this year. ----- COMMENT: AUTHOR:Blogger Heather DATE:3/20/2009 09:20:00 AM mmmm. look at those beautiful brussel sprouts! they're gorgeous :) ----- COMMENT: AUTHOR:Blogger Daniel DATE:3/20/2009 01:53:00 PM It's funny, I used to HATE brussels sprout as a kid. And I tried them a few years ago in my mid-thirties and realized they actually were pretty good! Funny how your tastes change as you get older. Looking forward to seeing how you prepare these guys.

Dan
Casual Kitchen ----- COMMENT: AUTHOR:Anonymous Anonymous DATE:3/21/2009 12:15:00 AM I can't wait to see the bounty of your garden! ----- COMMENT: AUTHOR:Blogger Daphne Gould DATE:3/22/2009 10:29:00 AM Oh I love brussels sprouts and yours look wonderful.

The parsley is a biennial and will flower this year then die. ----- COMMENT: AUTHOR:Blogger Julia DATE:3/22/2009 08:40:00 PM Chiot's Run -- I don't know what variety of brussels sprouts they were... I guess I just got lucky.

Heather -- thanks!

Dan -- Thanks for visiting my blog! I'm glad to know your taste buds have matured to enjoy these fine, fine morsels.

noble pig -- me TOO!

Daphne -- thanks for visiting my blog and for the tidbit about parsley. ----- -------- AUTHOR: Julia TITLE: Garden Updates - Mid Summer DATE: 8/18/2008 06:46:00 AM ----- BODY:
My summer crops have just come into full swing and I’m thinking about the fall plantings. I’ve made the same mistakes in years past – planting the lettuces and cooking greens after Labor Day. I’ve barely made a salad before the first snow comes and ends my growing season. This year will be different!

Gardeners and farmers must think about the next season in the middle of the current. Most plants have at least a 60 day cycle from seed to harvest. While farmers have the luxury of acres of land (and therefore, can appropriately rotate crops through different fields), urban gardeners must carefully plan for the entire year, not just each season, in order to maximize the space. Before the spring crops bolt, the summer crops have gone in the ground. And when the summer crops are in full force, fall seeds are planted.

So my first challenge is to determine where to plant. The spring crops were very tidy. I planted a row of lettuce, and they pretty much confined themselves within a few inches on either side of the row – leaving ample room for the coveted summer vegetables. And let’s be honest, when it comes time to plant the summer tomatoes, eggplants, cucumbers and squashes, I get a bit zealous, planting as much as my yard can manage. I’m always surprised by how much they grow, and the boscage leaves little room for the fall crops.

Suffice it to say, I need to clear away something to make room for the lettuces. First out: the zucchini. I sowed about 20 seeds, hoping to get a few zucchini. So far, I’ve had nothing… though plenty of squash blossoms. And I’ve had my fill out squash blossoms. Next out: kohlrabi. I had planted 20 of those, too. As hard as I tried, spraying organic pesticide once a week, the aphids decimated at least half the plants. Of the remaining, only two plants showed promise of reaching maturity. The “mid-season” peas came out, too… the first batch were stringy, so it seems silly to take up precious space for a vegetable that will likely end up in the compost bin.

What's been spared: The tomatoes and eggplant continue to proliferate. And the Brussels sprouts, happily growing in the back corner, won’t be ready until Thanksgiving. The cucumber sprawl produced its first 3 this week, and I expect many more in the coming weeks. I will likely have enough to make pickles - an exciting prospect! And the chilies inconspicuously grow in the front.

On the docket for fall: arugula, mizuna, tatsoi and broccoli raab.

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----- COMMENT: AUTHOR:Blogger Lydia (The Perfect Pantry) DATE:8/18/2008 03:54:00 PM Whew -- at least your tomatoes have been spared! I love broccoli rabe and will wait to see what interesting recipes you develop for using it. ----- COMMENT: AUTHOR:Blogger Julia DATE:8/19/2008 08:47:00 AM Lydia, No Kidding! The tomatoes are the main reason for a garden... everything else is just filler :) ----- -------- AUTHOR: Julia TITLE: Tales from the Farm – The Composting Cycle: From Food to Chicken to Eggs and Back Again DATE: 7/21/2008 12:28:00 PM ----- BODY:
A few years ago, I was driving through the Eastern Shore of Maryland and drove past a Perdue truck. If you have ever seen this, I can assure you, you will never eat commercially processed chicken again. The flat-bed truck transported the chickens, each in an individual cage, 20 cages high. The top chicken is, literally, living high on the hog. The poor chickens on the bottom were coated in droppings from the 19 layers on top. And the birds in the middle are breathing in a toxic fume. It’s no wonder we have to worry about salmonella and other diseases in commercial chicken. Farmer Brett also raises chickens. By contrast, these chickens are truly free-range. In fact, these chickens have more roaming room than most urban dwellers. And they eat better than most of us too – feasting on a rich diet of organic produce (the non-salable produce), weeds, grain and left-over food from the house. The chickens never receive antibiotics because they are not exposed to disease. Nor do they need growth hormones – they grow the old-fashioned way – with a healthy diet and plenty of exercise. The chickens serve an important function for the farm. In addition to the obvious eggs and eventual meat, the chickens also help prepare the soil by weeding and creating "natural" compost. The chicken coops are strategically positioned around the barn with adjustable fencing that allows Brett to move the chickens. The chickens happily peck away at the weeds leaving a barren plot. To supplement their diet of weeds and grains, they act as a repository for non-salable produce and left-over food scraps from the house (all the things the rest of us would compost). In exchange, they enrich the soil with nitrogen generated from their, ahem, droppings. Further soil amendments are not required.

Let’s be honest, though, Brett raises chickens for the eggs and the meat. The soil enhancement is a bonus. Once the hens reach menopause, and stop laying eggs, they are “converted” into stewing chickens. As one might expect, the meat has more flavor -- the result of all that exercise. The “meat”, the primary portion we eat from animals, is muscle – and they’ve developed just like ours when we go to the gym. The meat is darker (from all the blood flow) and with more texture (a euphemism for tougher). The eggs have a firmer texture too. They cook more quickly and fluffy than eggs purchased at the supermarket. The yolks are deep yellow, almost orange.

Over the years, I have taught many aspiring chefs and home cooks how to butcher a chicken. It’s pretty straightforward, I tell them, as long as you cut in the right place: the ligaments are soft and the bones thin. My first attempt at cutting up a chicken from the farm was surprisingly difficult. After a few struggled attempts of redefining butchery, I realized that all the exercise that makes the meat more flavorful, also makes the ligaments and bones stronger.

A fryer chicken, even in the free-range environment, still has some tenderness, because they’re only 6 weeks old. As such, they don’t require as much special attention when cooking. These menopausal hens, at 8 months, need a slow cooking to tenderize and soften the meat.

Here’s my favorite recipe for stewing chicken. I love the simplicity of it, and I usually have everything in my pantry so I can make it on a whim.

Harrira Stew
(serve 4)
serve with raisin cous cous
1 1/2 pound boneless chicken meat, cubed (preferably dark meat)
1 onion, chopped
2 cloves garlic, chopped
3 tomatoes, diced, or 10 oz. canned tomatoes
2 1/2 pts. chicken stock or canned broth
1/2 tsp. cinnamon
1/2 tsp. ground ginger
1/2 tsp. ground cumin
8 oz. canned chick peas
chopped cilantro
red chili flakes or harissa (opt)

Put chicken, onion, garlic, and stock in a large pot. Bring to a boil over high heat. Add spices, tomatoes and chick peas. Reduce heat to simmer, and continue cooking until chicken is done, approximately 30 minutes. Garnish with cilantro and red chili flakes or harissa.

Raisin Cous Cous
2 cups cous cous
2 1/4 cup water or chicken broth
1 tsp. salt
1 shallot, chopped
1/3 cup raisin

Put raisins, shallots, water and salt in a pot. Bring to a boil. Pour in cous-cous. Stir to mix and cover the pot. Remove pot from heat, let stand for 5 minutes. Fluff cous cous with a fork.

Harissa
2 tsp. chili flakes
1 clove garlic, chopped
3 tbs. olive oil
2 tsp. ground cumin.

Put everything in a pan. Heat over low heat for about 5 minutes, or until garlic starts to brown. Remove from heat immediately so the garlic does not burn.

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----- COMMENT: AUTHOR:Blogger The P & A Food Chronicles DATE:7/24/2008 07:44:00 PM im so food consious... i love that you talc about the importance of soil, food and a cycle!! ----- COMMENT: AUTHOR:Blogger Julia DATE:7/25/2008 08:59:00 AM Thanks P&A. Just ignore the Popeye's post and come back next week when I write about harvesting clams in Wellfleet. ----- COMMENT: AUTHOR:Anonymous Anonymous DATE:7/27/2008 12:35:00 PM Why are the yolks so much more orange than yellow? I get my eggs from a local farmer when I can, and there's definitely a difference between his eggs and the free range organic eggs at the supermarket. ----- COMMENT: AUTHOR:Blogger Julia DATE:7/27/2008 04:03:00 PM Bishop22,

Most eggs are not from truly free-range chickens. The color comes from the chickens getting a healthy diet and running around. The more "commercial" the operation the less likely the eggs will be orange. ----- -------- AUTHOR: Julia TITLE: Reducing the Compost Pile, Part I DATE: 5/25/2008 12:36:00 PM ----- BODY:
After just two weeks of composting, my bin already has a good base. Though this is not necessarily something to be proud of… much of it is the product of food waste – overly ambitious food projects, last minute dinner invitations that mean I cook less at home despite a full fridge, etcetera.

I’ve become increasingly interested in the issue food waste after reading an article in the New York Times last week. It ties in with the issue of reducing our carbon foot-print as well as rising food costs. As I blogged about earlier, and has been well documented in the press lately, food scraps in our trash ends up in land-fills and adds to greenhouse gases in the form of methane. We can reduce this effect by composting, but this does not address the second issue of rising food costs.

Do you recall being admonished (or hearing stories of others) for not cleaning your plate because there are starving children in Ethiopia, China, India, etcetera? The cynicist doubts that clearing our plates will reduce world-wide hunger. After all, how will the food from my plate get to those needy families? Another rebuttal is that I have already paid for the food, so I own it and can throw it away if I want. The answer is a matter of supply and demand. If I take more than I need, supply is decreased, and demand is increased thereby raising prices. If I only buy what I will consume, the supply is increased and prices decrease.

Again, like composting, how can the little things I do make a difference? Supermarkets and restaurants are the biggest culprits – with supermarkets throwing away produce with the slightest blemish, lest they tarnish their reputation for the freshest and best produce. And restaurants serving more than any person can eat in a single sitting – leaving the diner to waste the food or bring it home in a doggy bag and hope it makes its way into a subsequent meal. The best I can do is align my beliefs with my actions that demonstrate my concern. This alignment can be viral and incite the bigger players to take action.

You can read more about this issue at Jonathan Bloom’s Blog: www.wastedfood.com.

With dancing thoughts of reforming my wasteful ways, I embarked on some culinary adventures…. Stay tuned.

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----- -------- AUTHOR: Julia TITLE: Black is the New Green DATE: 5/17/2008 01:01:00 PM ----- BODY:

I trotted over to the Department of Public Works this week to pick up my own composter. Basically it’s a black plastic bin (made from recyclable plastic, of course) with air holes and no bottom. The manufacturers claim that it is rodent safe and, if I compost correctly, will not emit any “off” odors. I set it up on a level plot of soil conveniently tucked in a corner, ironically right next to the A/C compressor. Perhaps this will off-set the pinky-toe of the carbon foot-print I leave from the summertime A/C usage? Probably not…

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----- COMMENT: AUTHOR:Anonymous Anonymous DATE:5/20/2008 10:22:00 AM Thank you for writing about composting. I have been thinking about it but your blog gave me the impetus I needed. In fact, you inspired me to check out my town's website and my town provides free composting bins! Thanks! ----- COMMENT: AUTHOR:Blogger Julia DATE:5/20/2008 11:09:00 AM That's great news! I wonder how many other towns have under-publicized composting programs. ----- -------- AUTHOR: Julia TITLE: Composting - Cambridge Style DATE: 5/12/2008 09:19:00 PM ----- BODY:
Many farmers as well as home gardeners compost. This process converts food scraps and organic “matter” (leaves, weeds, etc) into soil. Oxygen, worms and heat decompose all this from recognizable things to soil in a matter months. The soil is rich in nutrients and fortifies a garden depleted by growing plants. Ah, what a cycle – We take what the earth gives us, return it back when we’re done and then we get back. Now, more than ever, we think about reducing our carbon footprint, and what better way than to compost. Instead of filling land-fills with our trash (and which rots and creates methane gas), we convert it to nutritious soil so that we can continue growing without artificial garden enhancers. And as an added bonus, it’s cheaper to compost ($95/ton) than hauling trash ($97/ton).

Cambridge has just launched a pilot composting program. While it’s not as evolved as San Francisco, it’s definitely a start. I picked up my composting bin at the DPW, which thankfully is just 1 block from my house. Unlike San Francisco, where the compost is picked up with the trash and recycling, I must drop off my composting at the DPW during open hours.

When I returned home, I promptly filled up the green 2-gallon bin with left-overs in my fridge that had been, em, er… aging. This is going to be a challenge. Less than an hour into the program, I’m already back at the DPW to unload. The obvious downside of this program is that I don’t want to run over to the drop-off center once a day.

I can also get a composting bin from the city. It's not particularly attractive and, unlike the bins available at Urban Gardener, the city-subsidized bins require heavy mixing. It’s a pretty basic contraption. The compost goes in the top, and drawers pull out of the bottom to get at the good soil. On the plus side, it's 1/3 the price of the "Tumbler" and require much less space. Two neighbors have used these... one still composts afer several seasons... the other gave up.

Given how quickly I accumulate compostables, I think I will try my own bin. Stay tuned…

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----- COMMENT: AUTHOR:Blogger Lydia (The Perfect Pantry) DATE:5/13/2008 11:49:00 PM How great that Cambridge has started a composting program! Since moving out of the city, we've had a pretty large compost pile going all the time. We take the passive approach -- toss everything on the pile, and wait for nature to take its course. I have a 26-quart restaurant supply pail in the kitchen that we use to haul the compost out to the pile. Some weeks, we fill that pail two or three times. ----- COMMENT: AUTHOR:Blogger Julia DATE:5/14/2008 06:49:00 AM I was told that it takes 3-4 months for compost to do it's thing if you turn the mix, and 1 year if you let nature take its course. What have you found with the timing? ----- COMMENT: AUTHOR:Blogger Lydia (The Perfect Pantry) DATE:5/14/2008 09:44:00 AM It definitely takes a year if you use the passive method. Basically our way is to have two piles, one more advanced than the other. Each spring we scrape off the uncomposted material from one pile onto the other pile, and sift the compost that has formed at the bottom of the first pile. We're lucky to have plenty of outdoor space for a double pile. We actually have some neighbors who have several compost piles going, but two seems to work for us.

When we lived in the city, we never did compost -- couldn't figure out a good way to manage it in our second floor apartment, or how to store it in our tiny backyard without attracting rodents. I like the idea of the Cambridge system, but we'd be making many trips to the DPW. Honestly, if we lived more than a block away, I'm not sure we'd do it. ----- --------